Chemical Industry on a Spree of Manufacturing Oilfield Chemicals

Oilfield Chemicals Manufacturer | CHEMCON

Basically, when it comes to the oil and gas exploration processes, there are lots of complexities involved as the oil and natural gas need to be drilled out from deep under the earth’s surface and hence, there are chances of contamination of the actual material that is coming out of the process. Several highly advanced equipments are being used for these offshore drilling processes and therefore, there are also high probabilities of these getting damaged owing to too much friction with the various types of earthly particles that always come in the process of drilling of the different types of hydrocarbons deep inside the surface of the earth.

Type of Chemicals

In order to take care of all these factors, the oilfield chemicals come as handy solutions for the petroleum industries because these not only provide a useful solution but are also extremely environment friendly at the same time. The Properties of Oilfield Chemicals are mainly responsible for making these indispensable during the process of drilling of oil and natural gas and some of these include density, specific gravity, pH content, ionic composition, etc. This is mainly because the chemicals are actually inorganic salts such as clear brine solutions that are in no way harmful for the environment unlike any other chemical component and so, the pollution factor can also be avoided with the usage of such types of chemicals. This is perhaps the reason behind the maximum manufacture of these chemicals by the chemical industries of the world and India as well.

Sodium Bromide Solution & Calcium Bromide Solution

One of the most important chemicals beings used and manufactured by the chemical industries today is sodium chloride solution that is also commonly called brine solution. It is physically a clear and colorless fluid that is available in powder form and in solution also. Along with this, calcium chloride solution is prepared as well by the chemical industries to be utilized in the oil and gas exploration processes. The common characteristic of both these types of chemicals is the compatibility with the surface while the drilling process is going on. This not only averts any kind of chemical reaction with the substances being drilled out but also takes care of the hydraulic pressures and well pressures in order to prevent the backflow of the substances at the same time.

Both Sodium Bromide Solution as well as Calcium Bromide Solution can be used singly or with other salts as double salts for attaining some desired specific gravity, density, etc. as required by the drilling processes. These chemicals offer a very cost-effective approach for the petroleum industries as compared to any other counterparts for the complex process of oil and gas exploration processes. Hence, these are manufactured in a widespread manner by the Indian chemical industries and the products are in high demand in India as well as abroad.

Growing Importance of Oilfield Chemicals

High Superiority Substance:

In today’s world it has become very important to have knowledge about the product in which one deal’s in or about the products that are there in an industry in which an individual is dealing. An oil field chemical is one such area which has gained immense value over a period of time. As they are used to control wellbore pressures in upstream and oil & gas operations, form clear brine workover and completion fluids etc, it becomes very crucial for purchaser to make sure he purchases these oilfield chemicals from a renowned manufacturer, supplier or exporter that uses high quality chemical compounds and also provides guarantee about the purity of its products.

There are many manufacturers that are in the list of providing quality products in this stream. Chemcon Speciality Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is one such name in the list which is considered as a leading manufacturer of Oilfield Chemicals such as Completion 14.2TM, Completion 12.5TM, Completion 19.2TM and Completion Dry 14.2TM. Chemcon Specialty Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is not only a leading manufacturer of oilfield chemicals but also pharmaceutical intermediaries. They manufacture all their products by keeping the GMP guidelines compliance part in mind, hence providing unmatched purity. Compliance with the highest standard of quality in oilfield industry (API-RP-13J) is also looked after.

Environment Free:

Chemicals must be environment friendly and in no way should they affect the atmosphere at the time of preparation or disposal as well. The need of manufacturing oilfield chemicals viz: Completion 14.2TM, Completion 12.5TM, Completion 19.2TM and Completion Dry 14.2TM. has become essential for chemical companies that involve a lot of research and development, hard work and tenacity in order to be sure that the final end product turns out be perfect. Hence, meeting the relevant standards.

Demand of Oilfield Chemical:

The high demand of source of energy, be it conventional or non conventional, has led to a series of inventions and developments of drilling fluids. In order to fulfill these demands drilling activity has been equipped with much advanced technology. Manufacturer of Oilfield Chemicals like Completion 14.2TM, Completion 12.5TM, Completion 19.2TM and Completion Dry 14.2TM are extremely dense oil well drilling chemicals that provide range of densities, hence being selected depending on the required density. They can be used individually or in combinations to achieve the required density. Proper selection of these chemicals is very crucial for the oil and gas drilling industry. They must also be compatible with the land where drilling is been done.

Benefits of Hexamethyldisiloxane

CSCPL make superiority products

Production of reaction intermediates are an advanced feature of the chemical industry. To make pure quality intermediates and compound and chemicals are a necessary, as any impurity or low-grade quality will completely ruin the chemical process. The manufacturing process of these compounds is also essential, hence companies continuously conducts research and updates their manufacturing process to provide the customer with the optimum quality of product that can be achievable. Chemcon Specialty Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is such a company that invests on making quality products by staying up-to-date with the recent engineering processes and the newly developed machineries.

Benefits and uses of Hexamethyldisiloxane

As stated, Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) is an organic silicon compound which is primarily used as a solvent and as a reagent in organic synthesis. However, apart from these HMDSO is also used for several other purposes. They are:

1. HMDSO is an internal standard for calibrating a chemical shift in 1H NMR spectroscopy. The purpose of using HMDSO is because it can be easily handled as it is less volatile than the usual tetramethylsilane, yet displays only a singlet near 0 ppm.

2. HDMSO is used to crystallize highly lipophilic compounds since it carries a poorer solvating power than alkanes.

3. This compound is also used in manufacturing liquid bandages that comes in spray format, like a cavilon spray. These generally protect damaged skin from irritation caused by other bodily fluids.

4. HDMSO acts as a good anti-adhesive agent and hence, they are used to remove any residue left by medical tapes, bandages and any other adhesive materials.

5. Presently, studies are conducted to use HDMSO in making low-k dielectric materials for the semi conductor industries.

6. HDMSO is a highly hydrophobic compound, so it exhibits high gas solubility. This is the reason that it possesses a strong nuclear magnetic resonance spin lattice relaxation rate (R1) response to changes in oxygen tension (pO2). For the presence of this quality, HDMSO has been used as a reporter molecule in the process of measuring tissue oxygen tension (pO2).

7. When HDMSO is directly injected in the tissue, it can generate maps of tumor and muscle oxygenation dynamics with respect to the hyperoxic gas breathing challenge.

Hexamethyldisiloxane is one of the most sought out silicon compounds in the market. Chemcon Specialty Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is a revered Hexamethyldisilazane Manufacturer in India and you can be assured that you will be receiving top quality silicon compounds.

Use Of Hexamethyldisilazane As A Pharmaceutical Chemical

Pharmaceutical chemicals are used for benefitting human as well as animal health. They may be discharged into the environment, even if in the minutest levels, through their manufacture, use and disposal. Many scientists all over the world are trying to discuss the effects of this release on the environment. We already have a large array of pharmaceutical products and every year newer products are being added. The active ingredient in every drug or medicine is a pharmaceutical chemical. They have a separate biochemical mode of action and therefore one has to strictly consider the effects of these active ingredients on the flora and fauna.

Manufacture of pharmaceutical chemicals

Manufacture of the pharmaceutical chemicals normally takes place in two stages. It is either manufacturing them in bulk or manufacturing the finished drug product. Good manufacturing practices or cGMPs are responsible for minimizing any kind of unnecessary excipient into the environment. All pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities are subject to various kinds of restrictions or schedules, compliant to the rules and regulations pertaining to processed or non processed effluent discharge. There are restrictions on rates, quantities and concentrations of physical, biological and other constituents.

The Use Of Hexamethyldisilazane As An Alternative In The Analysis Of Ambers

Amber’s physical properties can be used for production of tools, ornaments and various works of art. If derivatisation techniques are used for the transformation of the polar pyrolysis products into less polar and more volatile compounds, Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide can be used. This improves the analytical performance and the detection limits of the technique. It allows for the hydrolysis and the methylation to be done simultaneously. Very recent developments silylating reactions are done with the help of Hexamethyl Disilazane or HMDS which has also been proposed to be the alternative of amber. HMDS comes with great potentials as compared to the strongly alkaline TMAH reagent. The main limitations of this derivatizing reaction are related to the occurrence of the secondary reactions. These secondary reactions include decarboxylation reactions which are undergone by carboxylic acids as well as the formation of the dehydration products and other by products. These reactions produce pyrogams which are very tough to interpret.

Other Uses Of Hexamethyldisilazane

The use of HMDS as a drying agent was beneficial in the specimen preparation for scanning electron microscopy imaging of bacterial surface colonization on sub bituminous coal. The ability of the microbes to biofragment, ferment and generate methane from coal is where HMDS comes to use. It acts as a very good alternative to critical point drying in the imaging of cells on coal. Thus there is no need for very expensive equipments. Coal can be easily fragmented into sub-micron particles which can create a problem in critical point drying procedures. Both individual and aggregated cells appear in good shape with the least occurrence of the flat cells. This is the importance of the use of HMDS in cell attachment studies on sub-bituminous coal. The use of HMDS drying is a much preferred technology over the most commonly used CPD method as it is not only safer and cheaper but also more practical as method.

The Requirement of Oilfield Chemicals and their Preparation

Oilfield Chemicals a Specialized Chemical:

Apart from developed equipments, there are specialized chemicals known as oilfield chemicals that find prominent use in these projects. Consequently, the demand for these chemicals is ever increasing and therefore, the preparation, packaging and distribution of such types of chemicals are being taken up by the oilfield chemical manufacturers in order to meet the needs of these chemicals in the market. India is well-known for the manufacture of such chemicals and the chemicals prepared here are widely circulated in various parts of India as well as abroad. There are certain specific chemicals like calcium bromide (CAS No.7789-41-5) that is very popular choice of chemical component for the petroleum industries and hence are manufactured in large quantities in India.

On-Shore Drilling Activities:

The offshore drilling activities as well as the on-shore drilling activities related to oil and gas exploration projects have evolved from the earlier conventional processes to the modern times where science and technology find massive use altogether. Starting from the standard of the chemicals like work-over fluids or specialty chemicals to the mechanism used with the equipments, every single sphere of the process has undergone an all-round development. Simultaneously, the processes have transformed into being more safe, sound and eco-friendly. Along with that, these have also become extremely economical too that adds on to the profitability of the exploration projects.

Several by-products are produced during the oil and gas drilling processes and one such by product is salt water. This is again kept aside in disposal pits along with some residual oil that remains along with the salt water. Afterwards, the oil being skimmed out of the salt water and only this portion of oil constitutes almost 40% of the total revenue of the companies. Oilfield chemicals are therefore extensively used in order to simplify the processes of exploration and some of these chemicals include zinc bromide, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, calcium bromide and the like. These salts are either used singly or in combination with other salts based on the specific needs of the projects.

Oil and Gas Operations:

These are also known as completion fluids sometimes that help in controlling well-bore pressures during drilling activities in upstream oil and gas operations. Calcium bromide (CAS No.7789-41-5) is one such fluid that can be used single or with other salts to get fluids of varied densities at different crystallization temperatures. It is basically a clear and colorless liquid that looks transparent and sometimes comes with a pale yellow color also. This is a very important chemical used in lots of exploration processes in a very cost-effective and environment friendly manner that makes it one of the most sought after chemicals of petroleum industry.

The essence of oil drilling chemicals in oil exploration projects

It becomes extremely essential on the part of the companies to take care of several factors while manufacturing these chemicals. This is because the percentage of composition of the compound will define their characteristics that will in turn vary in its action during the course of oil and gas exploration. The various features that are exclusively common in the oil drilling chemicals are:

• Presence of abundant suspension properties so that the drilled cuttings can be easily transferred to the top of the exact sites where the exploration is being done.

• The solids on the surface must not get dispersed in the chemicals at any cost or else this may come in the smooth way of oil and gas exploration and hinder the efficiency of the process as well by damaging the production zone.

• Since the oil and gas are explored by boring wells, hence the hydrostatic pressure has an important role to play here. The chemicals are responsible for the exertion of such pressure that in turn helps in the creation of balance in the pressure so that no other fluids come in the way of oil exploration. This requires the chemicals to have a specified density and specific gravity too.

• Apart from the above-mentioned features, these fluids are also helpful in maintaining appropriate well-bore stability as well. The companies have to take care of the density and other relevant chemical properties of the chemical fluids while the preparation process so that these can easily help in controlling the optimum level of formation pressures that is necessary to maintain while oil and gas exploration. In fact, along with the chemical properties, the physical properties of the chemicals also play a major role in the preparation process because this will also define the stability of the process over a certain period of time.

• Any sort of damage can be averted with the help of these Oil Drilling Chemicals such as zinc bromide and sodium bromide solution.

 

• In addition to all these, these chemicals are also vital for lubrication purposes. This is important because enormous amount of heat is generated during the drilling process and in order to compensate for the after-effects like friction, etc. these fluids are very much helpful because their circulation inside the well-bore lubricates the whole assembly and the pipe that in turn facilitates a smoother movement of the process altogether.

Fluids like Sodium Bromide Solution is one of the main chemicals that is dominantly used in these projects because all the above-mentioned properties are present in this chemical and it can be used as a single solution and mixed with other chemical compounds as well.

Importance of Completion Fluids in Oil and Gas Exploration

Unique Clear Brines:

Oil and gas industry makes use of special types of fluids called clear brines which help in the completion of an oil well. Ideally there shouldn’t be any solids in the liquid which are salt solution made with the addition of one or more salts. These liquids are used to minimize damage to the well bore and to provide stability to the well. Brine solutions are given more preference over mud because of the salt content which mixes with water rather than forming suspension which settle after a certain period of time.

Clear brines are salt solutions which are usually mixture of bromides, chlorides and formats. They have the required density and characteristics which are necessary for completing oil and gas extraction safely. There ionic composition is high and there pH value is also on the higher side. These liquids are identical to reservoir formation chemically. Oilfield chemicals are not used for ordinary purposes because they are expensive and corrosive.

Oilfield Chemicals:

Completion fluids are used widely in oil and gas exploration by various companies who take up these projects. These liquids are used when the drilling process is towards the end and while testing the well. The fluid is introduced into the well to help ease the operations before the production of hydrocarbon is started. This enables reduction of friction between the equipment and the wall and of the well. It controls the temperature from rising due to fiction and prevents the equipment from damage.

A vast amount of study and research is employed in studying drilling fluids. The success of drilling operations depends a Great Deal on Completion Fluids. Up to 100% success can be achieved with this selection of right type of fluid for billing purposes. Therefore, it is important to understand the chemistry of drilling fluids while choosing oilfield chemicals.

Zinc Bromide Crystallization:

One of the commonly used liquids is Zinc Bromide (7699-45-8) which is used as a work over fluid and a completion fluid. It is used when the required density is 19.2lb/gal. It is usually mixed with calcium bromide or calcium chloride to get varied densities as per the wellbore conditions. Fluids created in this manner can be manufactured for various crystallization points and can also be used for special applications as well as for winter use. To get therequired density and crystallization temperatures he blending table should be consulted.

It should be stored in appropriate corrosion resistant containers and should be closed and sealed ensuring there is no leakage. Since it is a hygroscopic salt solution which absorbs water from the atmosphere, the density of the liquid will go down if exposed to air. Caution should be exercised while handling and all safety measures should be taken as prescribed by the manufacturer.

Importance of Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate as a pharma intermediate

Key Importance of CMIC

Purity of chemicals is the most important thing and all reputed manufacturers take responsibility toward the purity of chemicals they manufacture. The quality of component chemicals ensures the success of the outcome for which they are to be used. This is especially true about CMIC which is used to manufacture Tenofovir, a medicine that can combat HIV AIDS together with other medicines.

CMIC which stands for Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate has huge demand in the market. As a primary component in the development of Tenofovir, it is indeed one of the significant chemicals that are demanded in the purest form. Known as an antiretroviral medicine that can also fight chronic disease like Hepatitis B, Tenofovir finds its place in the essential drugs list of WHO. Tenofovir is forms a part of the treatment prescribed and is given in combination with other medicines.

This pharma intermediate is developed with the help of best equipment and by the use of latest technology. Throughout its production high standard is maintained so that the final product is of best quality. This is essential because only then its job as a pharmaceutical intermediate will be completed. Its purity, composition and shelf life is extremely important to ensure a longer shelf life. For those companies who are looking for the supply of this intermediate for large scale use, these factors are of utmost importance.

Preparation of Tenofovir Disoproxil

Tenofovir is carefully added to cyclohexane in a ratio of 1:8 at a temperature range of 25 to 35 degree Celsius. The process is conducted in the presence of nitrogen. The temperature of the reaction rises to reflux. The moisture content is also separated with the help of azeotropic distillation. When the temperature of the reaction increases to 54 to 58 degree centigrade, Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate is added. Thereafter, step by step process is followed in order to get the desired outcome.

Importance of CMIC

It has chemical formula C5H9ClO3 and is a pharma intermediate of great significance. It has several applications apart from being used in the development of anti HIV AIDS medicine. It should be stored and packaged carefully so that it is not leaked in the atmosphere.

CMIC holds an important place among the pharma intermediates. It has huge market demand and therefore it is manufactured by some of the best known companies with quality infrastructure and the right kind of system and processes. In India there are some companies which can offer this chemical with purity of 99.9%. The available expertise of these companies let them offer quality products used in developing various Pharmaceutical Chemicals products such as HMDSO, HMDS, and TMCS etc. With their quality driven approach they are able to satisfy not only the domestic clients, but, also the international buyers.

About Drilling Fluids | CHEMCON

Drilling Fluids Support:

The drilling activity requires drilling and completionand are used widely across the globe. Both the fluids use different types of the base that include water-based systems, synthetic based systems, oil based systems, and other systems.

The completion and drilling fluids are directly dependent on all the drilling activities all around the world.

Fundamental of Drilling Fluids :

The Drilling Fluids Solution are commonly known as mud system; it is a single component of well destruction process that remain in contact throughout the drilling operation system. Some of the essential functions of this fluid include:

• It cleans the hole by the transportation of drilling cuttings to the surface, where they can be removed automatically from the fluid before it recirculated to the down-hole.
• Balances and overcomes the formation pressure to minimize the risk of well-controlled issues.
• Minimize and prevent the damage to the producing formations.
• Cool, and lubricates.
• Allows all the information of producing formations to be retrieved by cutting analysis, and wire logs.

There are various types of drilling that include:

• Salt water system
• Fresh water system
• Oil based system
• Air, foam, gas fluid systems

Mostly, water based systems are used and are also less expensive than oil based fluids or synthetic based fluids (OBF’s and SBF’s). They are also known as invert emulsion systems, have a high cost per unit than other water-basedsystems. The pneumatic systems are implemented in areas where the pressures are relatively small, and the risk of circulation is high. Using the systems require special pressure management equipment to help prevent the development of hazardous conditions.

Finishing Point of Fluids :

On the other hand, a completion fluid is a solid free liquid that is used in completing the oil or gas well. To facilitatethe final operations such as setting up the screens, Packers, or shooting in the production zone, the fluid is placed in the well. Drilling and Completion Fluids are typically brined that is chlorides, bromide, and formates, but in personal can be any fluid of the proper density and characteristics.

Seldom is a conventional drilling fluid that is suitable for the completion of operations due to the solid content, and pH composition. The drill in fluids in some cases are appropriate for both the purposes.

Types of Drilling Fluids:

The water-based fluids usually consist of the clear brines. The only problem is that they are not very clear. They have some solids that include corrosion products, bacteria, and debris from the surface tanks. The density of the brine is mainly large enough so that the bottom hole pressure exceeds the reservoir pressure. A substantial amount of solid can be pushed in the form of formation, resulting in the loss of permeability. Oil based fluids such as the muds and crude oil can be used as a kind of completion fluids. It is also efficient to ensure that the oil does not contain paraffin.

Importance of Hexamethyl Disiloxane

Chemcon Specialty Chemicals focuses on the manufacturing of Hexamethyl Disiloxane or HMDSO, considered an important chemical in the field of pharmacy. It is a clear and essentially an odourless liquid that has been of great benefits to the pharmaceutical industry along with a variety of cosmetic products. With the molecular formula of C6H18OSi2 and molecular weight of 162.38, it has the fastest evaporating rate and the lowest surface tension. Due to the highly lipophilic nature and the high spread ability of its crystallizing compounds it is used for the preparation of liquid bandages, adhesives, silicone rubber and silicon compounds.

Hexamethyldisiloxane is prepared through the process of the hydrolysis of trimethylsilyl chloride or TMCS. It reacts with the nucleophiles which results in the replacement of the chloride. This nucleophile is water which further results in hydrolysis to give the Hexamethyl Disiloxane.

2(CH3)3SiCl+H2O→(CH3)3SiO(CH3)3Si+2HCl

It also results from the hydrolysis of silylethers and other silyl-protected functional groups.

Apart from being used in the pharmaceutical industry it is also used as a major source of the Trimethylsilylchlorosilane functional group in the process of organic synthesis. Carboxylic acid is converted into different types of silyl ethers in the presence of an acid catalyst along with HMDSO. When mixed with oxygen (O2), HMDSO produces a plasma-polymerized coating that can provide protection from corrosion and other elements. It is also used in the preparation of spectroscopy. It is also used in stationary liquids, analysis reagent and moisture repellent.

While the most important use of TMCS is the preparation of HMDSO, it also has various uses. For example, it can be used for the production of silicon compounds and various alkylation agents and the also the production of different types of drugs and medicines. Another important usage of TMCS is to manufacture anhydrous solutions of HCL that is used in synthesis of esters from nitriles and carboxylic acids. It is also plays a major part in producing laboratory glassware as it makes the surface more lipophilic or soluble in liquids.

Chemcon Specialty Chemicals makes full use of HMDSO’s purpose of humidity sensing and has been constantly studying it through various evaluations and experiments. The relative humidity and other properties are also constantly being examined. HMDSO thin films are known to display a small recovery and response of around 34 and 8 s for desiccation and humidification processes. Therefore, apart from contributing to the pharmaceutical industry, of Hexamethyl Disiloxane it has innumerable uses in other industries around the world.

Use Of Clear Brine Completion Fluids As Drill-In Fluids

Drilling Activities & Energy Resources:

Growing energy demand globally has boosted drilling activities. Today world is experiencing tremendous high demand for natural energy resources whether it is conventional or non-conventional as a result industries which are not in field of drilling have also started showing interest in this field.

Various Use of Drilling Fluids:

Clear brine drilling fluids are the industrial fluids that are used for various purposes like used as drilling fluids in oil and natural gas industries, work over, and as completion fluids. They are specially used to control pressure in oil and gas wells. Clear brine fluids are segmented on basis of product type into categories like Calcium chloride, Potassium chloride, potassium bromide, sodium bromide, calcium bromide. They are formulated to achieve various ranges of densities. Oil base drilling fluids and water based drilling fluids are not viable for use because of they needs to be disposed after single time use hence brine based drilling provides great alternative for it.

The advantage of using brine based drilling fluids over other drilling fluids is that they are ecofriendly in nature , are less corrosive to drilling assembly, and provides excellent penetration rate in varying rock formation. Water based drilling muds causes’ clay swelling but in case of brine based drilling muds this problem is neglected. Brines are more expensive but are most effective fluids.

Clear Brine Fluids Apply:

Clear brine drilling fluids have excellent properties that make them widely used drilling fluids and Clear Brine Completion Fluids. They exhibit properties like they can protect polymer at high temperature, they can stabilize shale, can provide good lubricity, are non-toxic, and are easily biodegradable. For these fluids to function properly they must be stable at surface as well as in the wells. Discovery of these fluids have encouraged more and more off shore and deep water drilling. And hence drilling fluid solution providers. Have been in great demand in recent years. Manufacturers of completion fluids in India is not only fulfilling need of fluids in India but also manufacturing globally and hence fulfilling needs globally too.

Manufacturers of completion fluids in India:

CSCPL is leading Drilling Fluids Solution & Products providing quality drilling fluids. These fluids are used not only for oil and gas drilling but also for geothermal drilling. Geothermal drilling are often more difficult to deal with as compared to oil and gas drilling. In oil and natural gas drilling, drilling fluids are utilised for under reaming and work over type of operations. They are designed not only for fulfilling the operations but also to protect production zones. Brine base drilling fluids are the most widely used drilling fluids because of their ability to protect the formation while drilling and controls hydrostatic pressure without suspended solids also inhibiting swelling and migration formation clay.

Oil Field Chemicals Solution Providers in Gujarat

Global Demand of Oilfield Chemicals:

Energy is a basic need for contemporary civilisation without which everything comes to halt. With rapid increase in demand for energy each year, there is also increase in demand for main source of energy i.e. crude oil and natural gas. New advances in technology and development and its appropriate application and proper utilisation of resources have made it possible for oil and natural gas industries to match up the global demands.

Over past few years these industries have been the most technologically advance and developed. Oil field chemical providers have played crucial role in grooming these industries.

HSE Information:

There are many Manufacturers of Oil Well Drilling Chemicals across India those manufacturers drilling chemicals in compliance with environmental, safety and health regulations. They fall in category of salt water drilling fluids. They are intended for drilling salt formation .They inhibits formation of hydrates in drilling equipments. Because of their characteristic high density they are widely used for drilling purpose. They can be used as single salt or combinations of multiple salts in order to achieve desired density. Thus understanding chemical properties of these fluids is very important for successful drilling of oil and natural gas in cost effective way.

Zinc bromide & Calcium Bromide Mixtures Function:

The widely used combinations of salts are Zinc bromide and calcium bromide mixtures, calcium bromide and calcium chloride mixtures, sodium chloride and sodium bromides mixtures. Factors affecting selection of such fluids is its cost, performance for which it is intended to function and effect on environment.

Liquid drilling fluids is also known as drilling mud. They are of following catogries:

1) Water based (may be fresh water or salt water)
2) Non-aqueous or oil based
3) Gaseous type (wide ranges of gases are used in it)
4) Synthetic type

Applications and Uses :

Main applications of these fluids are to provide hydrostatic pressure, Prevent corrosions causing major losses of drillind pipes. Maintains well-bore stability and minimises reservoir damage. It acts as coolant by keeping drilling bit cool while drilling. Acts as lubricant while suspending and taking out drilling assembly. It keeps drilling cuts intact as such and preventing wells from getting shut. They can be used depending upon their area of function. They can be used either individually or in combinations to achieve desired densities. They can also be used to clean cuttings from bore wells.

Such wide range of applications of these fluids has brought manufacturers of oil well drilling chemicals in demand not only in India but across world. It has brought phenomonous changes for oil and natural gas industries. CSCPL is dominant manufacturer Various Types of Drilling Fluids such as calcium bromide (CaBr2), sodium bromide (NaBr) and Zinc bromide (ZnBr).

Advance strategies - Bulk Drug Intermediates for Pharma Industries

Specialty chemicals global sector:

Specialty chemicals and pharmaceutical chemicals, over the decades have gained a lot of popularity in India. Specialty chemicals industry is a very wide and complex segment. It includes variety of products like agrichemicals, elastomers, adhesives, lubricants, oil field chemicals, etc. Worldwide, the specialty chemicals industry has grown into an array of SME’s with their own niche products. The specialty chemicals market has played a significant part in the global chemical sector. The global demand for specialty chemicals is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.42% from 2015 to 2020.

Various Applications:

Specialty chemicals in Gujarat provide unique materials with unique properties that produce high value custom end products. They have various applications. Specialty chemicals are the chemicals which are used to boast the performance of other chemicals that can be apply in many potential experiments in the chemical industry. One of the most important applications of specialty chemicals is to speed up the manufacturing process of various chemical experiments. They help to get deliverables with less experimental costs and efforts. Some of the specialty chemicals act like value-adders that add value to other chemicals to perform more in less time.

Specialty chemicals Market Range:

North America, Western European, and Japanese firms were always amongst the market leaders in specialty chemicals industry. However, over the last few decades the Asia-Pacific region, especially India and China have globally stated their dominance in the specialty chemicals industry. In India, the speciality chemicals in Gujarat have gained a lot of dominance in this sector and have been providing their end products.

Types of Bulk Drug Intermediates:

Pharmaceutical Chemicals form the most important branch of specialty chemicals. The Pharmaceutical industry in India is the world's third-largest in terms of volume and 10th largest in value terms. . India's drugs and pharmaceuticals industry is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14 per cent to reach a turnover of $ 47.06 billion by 2018. Indian pharmaceutical industry is gaining rapid popularity owing to the rise in the bulk drug intermediates manufacturers. In India, Gujarat is considered to be the rising hub in the production of pharmaceutical intermediates and bulk drug intermediates. Last ten decades have seen an immense growth in SME niche pharmaceutical intermediates producing companies. Various pharma intermediates like Hexamethyl Disiloxane (HMDSO), Trimethyl Chlorosilane (TMCS), Hexamethyl Disilazane (HMDS / HMDZ) Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate (CMIC) are produced and exported worldwide by these small scale manufacturers in Gujarat.

Applications of Pharmaceutical Intermediates like as lubricants, as adhesion promoter for photoresists, in alkylation agents, in creation of sedatives, medicines, in manufacturing of anhydrous solutions of HCL in alcohols, deactivator for chromatographic support materials, silylating agent in pharmaceuticals, etc.

With all the end products possessing these properties have been exported on a large scale from Gujarat, it is recognized as the upcoming hub in the field of specialty chemicals and bulk pharma intermediates.

Reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane with silica / water

Reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane with silica:

Researchers have been made to study the reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) with OH groups with silica that can be examined by infrared spectroscopy method. This reaction frees the OH groups and results in kinetics. The reaction produces mainly hexamethydisiloxane (HMDSO) and ammonia with a small quantity of nitrogen and methane. When temperature is maintained lower than 300°C no methane is produced. Moreover, ammonia is the first product produced and subsequently HMDSO is produced. As the temperature increases, the amount of nitrogen produces increases and that of ammonia and HMDSO decreases. Reaction of pendant silyl groups with surface acidic hydroxyls to eliminate methane and the concentration of residual silyl moieties on the silica surface both increase with temperature of reaction.

HMDS is used for deactivating materials that support in gas chromatography by many Hexamethyldisilazane Makers. Kinetic studies have been made to get comprehension about the reaction of HMDS with silica and the optimum conditions in which the reactions take place the best.

Study of HMDS:

Four important chemical properties have been deduced from such studies- 1) The freely vibrating hydroxyl groups can occur in either in Si-OH or [Si-(OH)2] configurations, 2) The freely vibrating hydroxyl groups are monoenergetic (i.e. all the OH groups show the same reactivity), 3) Due to the monoenergetic nature of the OH groups, physical absorption results in same fraction of the hydroxyl group being covered for a given pressure and temperature, and 4) The mutually H-bonded OH groups on the surface are essentially nonreactive towards the various bonding agents.

Another such study outlines the kinetics for the reaction of HMDS with silica which is mainly a two-steps process. The first step is a rate determining step that produces trimethylsilylation on the surface of silanol and forms trimethylaminosilane. The second step is where a trimethylaminosilane reactive intermediate reacts to form a trimethylsilyl surface chemical and ammonia. This two step process was mainly applied to analyze the data of the kinetics of HMDS reaction with smoked silica in the field of spectroscopy.

Absorbs Techniques:

Hexamethyldisilazane reacts with many substrate surfaces to enhance their adhesive power. When HMDS reacts with the substrate, it absorbs the excess water in them, reduced surface energy and increases the photoresist adhesion on the surface. The silizane components bond with the oxygen-atoms of the substrates and the methyls offer hydrophobic layers that have good wetting and adhesive characteristics. This dehydration reaction of HMDS on wafers (semiconductor slices) is carried out using two techniques: Liquid Priming and Vapor Priming. It is commonly know that HMDS is very sensitive to the presence of water and degrades in humid air. Studies have been made to understand the reaction of HMDS in dry and humid air in the presence of absorbent surfaces. Studies show that HMDS hydrolyzes in humid air and produces trimethylsilanol (TMS) and ammonia (NH3). Chemcon Speciality Chemicals.Pvt.Ltd is suppliers and Manufacturers of of Speciality Chemicals.

Manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates in Gujarat

Chemcon Speciality Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is a pharmaceutical chemicals specialty leading in the manufacturing of pharma intermediates like Hexamethyl Disiloxane (HMDSO) CAS NO. : 107-46-0, Trimethyl Chlorosilane (TMCS) CAS NO. : 75-77-4 and Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate (CMIC ) CAS No. 35180-01-9. Chemcon is the largest manufacturer in India since a decade for Hexamethyldisilazane. The processes for the manufacture of all these products have been developed and engineered in-house by the team of dedicated and expert in-house professionals with in-depth knowledge in the field. We enjoy the highest reputation among Indian as well as Multi-National Companies for being a leading HMDSO, CMIC, and Trimethyl Chlorosilane in India

Three of our most significant products are:

Hexamethyl Disiloxane (HMDSO) CAS NO. : 107-46-0

We specialize in the Manufacture of HMDSO in Gujarat which has many applications like:

•    HMDSO is a pharma intermediate which is very popular in the pharmaceutical industry due to its various applications.

•    It is an organosilicon compound, volatile in nature. It is also used as a reagent and a solvent in various organic syntheses.

•    It is also used as in spectroscopy to standardize the chemical shift.

•    The most important use of HMDSO is in crystallizing of lipophilic compunds.

•    Also used in preparation of liquid bandages.

•    It is manufactured through hydrolysis of trimethlsilyl chloride.

Trimethyl Chlorosilane (TMCS ) CAS NO. : 75-77-4

As India’s leading TMCS Manufacturer in Vadodara, we produce TMCS that has very useful applications in the field of pharmacy like:

•    Trimethyl Chlorosilane is used in the manufacture of all types of silicon compounds.

•    It is widely used in the manufacture of drugs and medicines.

•    It reacts with alcohol to produce anhydrous solutions of hydrogen chloride (HCL) in alcohols that can be used for the synthesis of esters.

•    It has also been used for silylation and as a protection group in the process of various organic syntheses.

•    But the most important application of TMCS is in the preparation of HMDSO.

•    Hydrolysis of TMCS in preparation of HMDSO:

TMCS is reactive toward nucleophiles, resulting in the replacement of the chloride. In a characteristic reaction of TMCS, the nucleophile is water, resulting in hydrolysis to give the Hexamethyl Disiloxane

2(CH3)3SiCl+H2O→ (CH3)3SiO(CH3)3Si+2HCl

Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate (CMIC) CAS No. 35180-01-9

Chemcon prides in its manufacture of CMIC because of its outstanding application to prepare tenofovir. Tenofovir is regarded as a revolutionary drug for curing and preventing AIDS/HIV. Tenofovir disoproxil hemifumarate salt is basically prepared using dealkylating (R)-9-[2-(Diethyl phosphonomethoxy) propyl] adenine. To get a crystallized tenofovir in its stable form, Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate is Used, where it is used to condense tenofovir during the latter’s initial phase of manufacture.

These are some of the importance of pharma intermediates which have revolutionalized the field of specialty chemicals worldwide and Chemcon is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of specialty chemicals and pharma intermediates.

Hexamethyl Disilazane as an Alternative to Critical Point Drying

Critical point drying (CPD) is an established method of dehydrating biological tissue prior to examination in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This technique was first introduced to preserve three-dimensional structure of biological specimens for transmission electron microscopy, later it was used for obtaining dry specimens for SEM examination. Although CPD is a well-established method for drying specimens, there has been compelling evidence that it can damage soft specimens in two different ways: Structural integrity and Chemical Integrity. Over the years, use of the pharmaintermediate, Hexamethyl Disilazane (HMDS) in critical point drying is an established method of dehydrating biological tissue prior to examination in the SEM. Moreover, use HMDS in the imaging of cells on coal instead of CPD have led to negating the need for expensive equipment.

Studies on the applications of Hexamethyl Disilazane (HMDS) over Critical Point Drying (CPD):

• CPD and HMDS sample preparation techniques were used for testing the effects of both on the cervical cells on field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray. The results indicated that SEM imaging, elemental composition, and processing time for sample preparation with the HMDS technique were better than CPD technique for cervical cell preparation technique because in terms of weight percentages of carbon and oxygen element compositions in HMDS technique were higher than the CPD technique.

• CPD and HMDS samples used for preserving biological structures, revealed that samples prepared using CPD had tissue damage in the form of cracking. In addition there was excess amount of debris around the crack openings. Another potential result that placed HMDS as a superior drying agent is the time constraints that can be effective parameters while preparing more specimens; use of the Pharma Intermediate may be preferred over the traditional technique as it allows multiple samples to be dried simultaneously.

Preventing the gas/liquid interface is the main goal of critical point drying (as well as the alternative process of HMDS). Whenever a liquid evaporates into the gaseous phase, large surface tension phenomena occur. These surface tensions can harm fine surface details on the surface of the sample. CPD usually takes up to 3 hours to perform. Using Hexamethyldisilazane instead of CPD is quicker and can yield acceptable results on some samples. When the sample is dehydrated to 100% ethanol, a fifty/fifty mix of ethanol/HMDS can be placed on the sample followed by 2 or 3 exchanges of HMDS. After these exchanges, sample is in a fume hood where HMDS evaporates off. The vapor pressure of HMDS is such that surface damage is minimal.

The pharmaintermediate, Hexamethyl Disilazane is extensively used to replace the critical drying technique in sample preparation of tardigrades for SEM imaging because conventional procedures required CPD apparatus or machines to achieve the suitable temperature/pressure combination to completely dehydrate specimens, but with HMDS, the specimens can be dehydrated by simply bathing them in HMDS, ethanol solution, eliminating the use of any special equipment. All in all, the use of HMDS in SEM instead of CPD is preferred as it is safer, cheaper and more practical.

Calcium Bromide - A Hot Cake Completion Fluid

Calcium Bromide(CaBr2) which is an excellent drilling tool and is a very popular choice in the oilfield industry. With immense increase in drilling activities in petroleum exploration, the demand for clear brine fluids has sky-rocketed. Calcium Bromide, with 14.2 lbs/gal density, is an excellent choice for a completion fluid because of its various properties like non-damaging to the drilling formation, it is very stable chemically and thermally, and it can be used as a single salt clear brine or can be mixed with other bromides and chlorides such as zinc bromide, sodium bromide, calcium chloride, etc; making effective multi-salt compositions that are a formation of balanced high density from 11.7 lbs.gal to almost as high as 19.4 lbs/gal. It is available in powder and liquid forms. In its liquid form, it serves as an excellent drilling mud that helps balance the unstable strata while drilling oil & gas and prevents intrusion of water that may be encountered while drilling on uneven surfaces. In its powder form, it dissolves in water & other brines, and yields completion workover and packer fluids of densities upto 2.3 gm/ml (19.2 lb/gal).

Major Applications of Calcium Bromide as a completion fluid

Calcium Bromide is used as a suspension tool to keep the cuttings from filling the dug holes. While drilling, the hydrocarbons and the rock formations increase the pressure inside the drill holes, CaBr2 is used to control this pressure and even tone it. It is also very useful to seamlessly adjust the characteristics of individual drill holes. Another important use of CaBr2 as a completion fluid in oil well drilling activities is that it stabilizes the rock formation. By aiding in the repair of the individual drill holes, it helps in preventing the collapse of the rock formation. CaBr2is becoming a popular choice in oil and gas drilling, it is in fact preferred over many other fluids because it mixes easily with all the major zinc and calcium based brines and adjusts the density of other brine systems. Calcium Bromide can also be used to drill secondary drill holes from the previously drilled ones, thus increasing the oil well drilling productivity.

This bromide, a highly effective Completion Fluid is used in both offshore and onshore drilling operations. Recent expansion in drilling activity like deep, high pressure wells have contributed to the rapid growth in this market, accounting to an expected growth from $10.86 billion in 2013 to $18.37 billion by 2020, with a CAGR of 7.8 percent.

There are a few comprehensive reports based on the market analysis of CaBr2 as an important agent amongst various drilling chemicals. Such reports give an in-depth study about the current state of CaBr2 across global market. Right from the manufacturing perspective, capacity, production value, and profit to its demand/supply and import/export these reports explore the various aspects and provides a stream-lined guide to the oil field industry players about it.

Hexamethyl Disilazane & Pharma Intermediate

Hexamethyl Disilazane, which is also known as HMDS, is a special organosilicon compound that is a derivative of ammonia. It is different from the traditionally known compound because it has trimethylsilyl groups in place of the two hydrogen atoms. It is a colorless liquid that is a popular reagent and precursor to many bases, making the compound a very popular ingredient in different types of organic synthesis and organometallic chemistry. HMDS has many uses as a chemical intermediate, release agent, lubricant, coupling agent, deactivator for chromatographic support materials, silylating agent in pharmaceuticals, adhesion promoter for photoresists on silicon (electronics), as reagent for temporary protection of reactive sites in manufacture of betalactum antibiotics, etc. Amongst these, the main applications of HMDS are in electron microscopy and in semiconductor electronics industry.

Major Applications of HMDS

HMDS represents an attractive to critical point drying (CPD) in the imaging of cells on coal, negating the need for expensive equipment. Coal, a popular choice in scanning electron microscopy, is easily fragmented into sub-micron particles, which can be problematic in critical point drying procedures.  Alternatively, HMDS was found to be easily used as an ideal substitute to critical point drying that takes place at the time of sample preparation. Even though critical point drying is a popular method of drying up biological specimens that are used for scanning electron microscopy, drying up of specimens by HMDS evaporation is also a very good alternative. Hexamethyldisilazane evaporation is not used frequently however experts have suggested that this is also a great method for drying up of specimens. Hardly any differences are observed during the process and furthermore this method is proved to be much more helpful as far as drying up of whole-mount cells for AFM and TEM are concerned.

Not only this, in the semiconductor industry, with the use of HMDS as semiconductor, companies have been able to enable powerful yet small chips inside computers, tablets and smartphones to work better on a consistent basis. HMDS is used to augment the adhesion of photoresist on silicon and SiO2 surfaces. The effectiveness of HMDS on adhesion is correlated with the reactivity of this compound with surface hydroxyl groups to form a new siloxane end product, i.e. Si-O-Si(CH3)3. This newly formed termination on the substrate renders the surface more hydrophobic in character and leads to greater wettability by photoresist. The latter condition is a crucial factor in good bonding. As a result of these altered characteristics due to the surface chemistry, the treated silicon surfaces become highly compatible with both negative and positive photoresists.

A few experiments were also made to verify the hydrophobicity and adsorption properties of HMDS thin films and the results pointed out that HMDS films can be used: for ultraviolet protection of flexible organic substrates, such as PP, for sensor and/or preconcentrator development, due to their adsorption properties, and in spatial applications due to resistance for O2 attack in hostile conditions, such as plasma etching. Thus, with many applications as described above, HMDS has found its way to be a major player as a Pharma Intermediate.

The Role of Oilfield Chemicals in the Turnaround and Rise of Oilfield Industry

Oilfield chemicals are manufactured on a large scale mainly for their usage in the gas and oil industry. These specialty oilfield chemicals are known to enhance the quality and performance of the production in a manufacturing unit. By delivering apt quality specialty chemicals, oilfield chemicals manufacturers are able to improve the overall recovery rate of the hydrocarbons that are used in the oilfield industry. Consistent advancements in technology and growth in the shale industry has created various positive opportunities for these specialty chemicals. Increased demand for fuel and growth in large scale business activities are also two of the significant driving factors that have contributed to the turnaround and rise of oilfield industry.

The Role of Oilfield Chemicals in The Rise and Turnaround of Oilfield Industry

Utilized in almost all the stages of gas and oil production, ranging from drilling and well exploration, EOR applications to oil production, specialty oilfield chemicals are anticipated to continue to record consistent growth which is driven strongly by increasing demand for energy all over the world. Oilfield Chemicals Manufacturers have identified the fact that they have a huge gap to fill with most of the gas and oil resources in the world drying up. This is where they have been able to provide competent completion and drilling chemicals that have made the work of various industries easier.

Calcium Bromide – A Comprehensive Oilfield Chemical

Calcium bromide available in powder and liquid form, is a comprehensive completion fluid and oilfield chemical. With a CAS number: 7789-41-5 and molecular formula: CaBr2, calcium bromide is one of the best Oilfield Chemicals to be used in the industry because most of the companies in the oil and gas industries opt for CaBr2 for making their applications smoother. Calcium bromide is nothing but the hydrobromic acid of the calcium salt. It can absorb moisture from the air and in its powder form it completely dissolves in common brines and water. It wouldn’t be wrong to say that calcium bromide has played a significant role in boosting the demand for oilfield chemicals and the industry as a whole.

Drivers and Restraints for The Market

As per various industry reports, change in the trend of demand for specialty chemicals is anticipated to create many more opportunities for the manufacturers in the industry. The three main drivers for the market are: improved demand in specialty processes like well stimulation, rise in crude oil production and increase in deep water drilling activities.


It has been observed that powerful rise in the demand for energy and fuel sources is creating a huge demand for chemicals. However political issues across the world are causing some problems for the oilfield chemicals manufacturers, especially in the Middle Eastern regions.

Market Segmentation

For the purpose of deriving ideal forecasting reports, various experts have segment the global oilfield chemicals industry into various types of applications and products. The kinds of products are usually segmented into specialty chemicals and advanced polymers. However, the chemicals on the other hand are sub-categorized into corrosion, biocides and scale inhibitors, pout-point depressants and surfactants. Key applications of all these products comprises in drilling fluid, fracking, cementing, well stimulation, improved oil recovery, production chemicals and completion fluids.

These are some of the interesting things to note about the turnaround and rise of oilfield industry and the role of oilfield chemicals in it.