Importance of Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate as a pharma intermediate

Key Importance of CMIC

Purity of chemicals is the most important thing and all reputed manufacturers take responsibility toward the purity of chemicals they manufacture. The quality of component chemicals ensures the success of the outcome for which they are to be used. This is especially true about CMIC which is used to manufacture Tenofovir, a medicine that can combat HIV AIDS together with other medicines.

CMIC which stands for Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate has huge demand in the market. As a primary component in the development of Tenofovir, it is indeed one of the significant chemicals that are demanded in the purest form. Known as an antiretroviral medicine that can also fight chronic disease like Hepatitis B, Tenofovir finds its place in the essential drugs list of WHO. Tenofovir is forms a part of the treatment prescribed and is given in combination with other medicines.

This pharma intermediate is developed with the help of best equipment and by the use of latest technology. Throughout its production high standard is maintained so that the final product is of best quality. This is essential because only then its job as a pharmaceutical intermediate will be completed. Its purity, composition and shelf life is extremely important to ensure a longer shelf life. For those companies who are looking for the supply of this intermediate for large scale use, these factors are of utmost importance.

Preparation of Tenofovir Disoproxil

Tenofovir is carefully added to cyclohexane in a ratio of 1:8 at a temperature range of 25 to 35 degree Celsius. The process is conducted in the presence of nitrogen. The temperature of the reaction rises to reflux. The moisture content is also separated with the help of azeotropic distillation. When the temperature of the reaction increases to 54 to 58 degree centigrade, Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate is added. Thereafter, step by step process is followed in order to get the desired outcome.

Importance of CMIC

It has chemical formula C5H9ClO3 and is a pharma intermediate of great significance. It has several applications apart from being used in the development of anti HIV AIDS medicine. It should be stored and packaged carefully so that it is not leaked in the atmosphere.

CMIC holds an important place among the pharma intermediates. It has huge market demand and therefore it is manufactured by some of the best known companies with quality infrastructure and the right kind of system and processes. In India there are some companies which can offer this chemical with purity of 99.9%. The available expertise of these companies let them offer quality products used in developing various Pharmaceutical Chemicals products such as HMDSO, HMDS, and TMCS etc. With their quality driven approach they are able to satisfy not only the domestic clients, but, also the international buyers.

About Drilling Fluids | CHEMCON

Drilling Fluids Support:

The drilling activity requires drilling and completionand are used widely across the globe. Both the fluids use different types of the base that include water-based systems, synthetic based systems, oil based systems, and other systems.

The completion and drilling fluids are directly dependent on all the drilling activities all around the world.

Fundamental of Drilling Fluids :

The Drilling Fluids Solution are commonly known as mud system; it is a single component of well destruction process that remain in contact throughout the drilling operation system. Some of the essential functions of this fluid include:

• It cleans the hole by the transportation of drilling cuttings to the surface, where they can be removed automatically from the fluid before it recirculated to the down-hole.
• Balances and overcomes the formation pressure to minimize the risk of well-controlled issues.
• Minimize and prevent the damage to the producing formations.
• Cool, and lubricates.
• Allows all the information of producing formations to be retrieved by cutting analysis, and wire logs.

There are various types of drilling that include:

• Salt water system
• Fresh water system
• Oil based system
• Air, foam, gas fluid systems

Mostly, water based systems are used and are also less expensive than oil based fluids or synthetic based fluids (OBF’s and SBF’s). They are also known as invert emulsion systems, have a high cost per unit than other water-basedsystems. The pneumatic systems are implemented in areas where the pressures are relatively small, and the risk of circulation is high. Using the systems require special pressure management equipment to help prevent the development of hazardous conditions.

Finishing Point of Fluids :

On the other hand, a completion fluid is a solid free liquid that is used in completing the oil or gas well. To facilitatethe final operations such as setting up the screens, Packers, or shooting in the production zone, the fluid is placed in the well. Drilling and Completion Fluids are typically brined that is chlorides, bromide, and formates, but in personal can be any fluid of the proper density and characteristics.

Seldom is a conventional drilling fluid that is suitable for the completion of operations due to the solid content, and pH composition. The drill in fluids in some cases are appropriate for both the purposes.

Types of Drilling Fluids:

The water-based fluids usually consist of the clear brines. The only problem is that they are not very clear. They have some solids that include corrosion products, bacteria, and debris from the surface tanks. The density of the brine is mainly large enough so that the bottom hole pressure exceeds the reservoir pressure. A substantial amount of solid can be pushed in the form of formation, resulting in the loss of permeability. Oil based fluids such as the muds and crude oil can be used as a kind of completion fluids. It is also efficient to ensure that the oil does not contain paraffin.

Importance of Hexamethyl Disiloxane

Chemcon Specialty Chemicals focuses on the manufacturing of Hexamethyl Disiloxane or HMDSO, considered an important chemical in the field of pharmacy. It is a clear and essentially an odourless liquid that has been of great benefits to the pharmaceutical industry along with a variety of cosmetic products. With the molecular formula of C6H18OSi2 and molecular weight of 162.38, it has the fastest evaporating rate and the lowest surface tension. Due to the highly lipophilic nature and the high spread ability of its crystallizing compounds it is used for the preparation of liquid bandages, adhesives, silicone rubber and silicon compounds.

Hexamethyldisiloxane is prepared through the process of the hydrolysis of trimethylsilyl chloride or TMCS. It reacts with the nucleophiles which results in the replacement of the chloride. This nucleophile is water which further results in hydrolysis to give the Hexamethyl Disiloxane.

2(CH3)3SiCl+H2O→(CH3)3SiO(CH3)3Si+2HCl

It also results from the hydrolysis of silylethers and other silyl-protected functional groups.

Apart from being used in the pharmaceutical industry it is also used as a major source of the Trimethylsilylchlorosilane functional group in the process of organic synthesis. Carboxylic acid is converted into different types of silyl ethers in the presence of an acid catalyst along with HMDSO. When mixed with oxygen (O2), HMDSO produces a plasma-polymerized coating that can provide protection from corrosion and other elements. It is also used in the preparation of spectroscopy. It is also used in stationary liquids, analysis reagent and moisture repellent.

While the most important use of TMCS is the preparation of HMDSO, it also has various uses. For example, it can be used for the production of silicon compounds and various alkylation agents and the also the production of different types of drugs and medicines. Another important usage of TMCS is to manufacture anhydrous solutions of HCL that is used in synthesis of esters from nitriles and carboxylic acids. It is also plays a major part in producing laboratory glassware as it makes the surface more lipophilic or soluble in liquids.

Chemcon Specialty Chemicals makes full use of HMDSO’s purpose of humidity sensing and has been constantly studying it through various evaluations and experiments. The relative humidity and other properties are also constantly being examined. HMDSO thin films are known to display a small recovery and response of around 34 and 8 s for desiccation and humidification processes. Therefore, apart from contributing to the pharmaceutical industry, of Hexamethyl Disiloxane it has innumerable uses in other industries around the world.

Use Of Clear Brine Completion Fluids As Drill-In Fluids

Drilling Activities & Energy Resources:

Growing energy demand globally has boosted drilling activities. Today world is experiencing tremendous high demand for natural energy resources whether it is conventional or non-conventional as a result industries which are not in field of drilling have also started showing interest in this field.

Various Use of Drilling Fluids:

Clear brine drilling fluids are the industrial fluids that are used for various purposes like used as drilling fluids in oil and natural gas industries, work over, and as completion fluids. They are specially used to control pressure in oil and gas wells. Clear brine fluids are segmented on basis of product type into categories like Calcium chloride, Potassium chloride, potassium bromide, sodium bromide, calcium bromide. They are formulated to achieve various ranges of densities. Oil base drilling fluids and water based drilling fluids are not viable for use because of they needs to be disposed after single time use hence brine based drilling provides great alternative for it.

The advantage of using brine based drilling fluids over other drilling fluids is that they are ecofriendly in nature , are less corrosive to drilling assembly, and provides excellent penetration rate in varying rock formation. Water based drilling muds causes’ clay swelling but in case of brine based drilling muds this problem is neglected. Brines are more expensive but are most effective fluids.

Clear Brine Fluids Apply:

Clear brine drilling fluids have excellent properties that make them widely used drilling fluids and Clear Brine Completion Fluids. They exhibit properties like they can protect polymer at high temperature, they can stabilize shale, can provide good lubricity, are non-toxic, and are easily biodegradable. For these fluids to function properly they must be stable at surface as well as in the wells. Discovery of these fluids have encouraged more and more off shore and deep water drilling. And hence drilling fluid solution providers. Have been in great demand in recent years. Manufacturers of completion fluids in India is not only fulfilling need of fluids in India but also manufacturing globally and hence fulfilling needs globally too.

Manufacturers of completion fluids in India:

CSCPL is leading Drilling Fluids Solution & Products providing quality drilling fluids. These fluids are used not only for oil and gas drilling but also for geothermal drilling. Geothermal drilling are often more difficult to deal with as compared to oil and gas drilling. In oil and natural gas drilling, drilling fluids are utilised for under reaming and work over type of operations. They are designed not only for fulfilling the operations but also to protect production zones. Brine base drilling fluids are the most widely used drilling fluids because of their ability to protect the formation while drilling and controls hydrostatic pressure without suspended solids also inhibiting swelling and migration formation clay.

Oil Field Chemicals Solution Providers in Gujarat

Global Demand of Oilfield Chemicals:

Energy is a basic need for contemporary civilisation without which everything comes to halt. With rapid increase in demand for energy each year, there is also increase in demand for main source of energy i.e. crude oil and natural gas. New advances in technology and development and its appropriate application and proper utilisation of resources have made it possible for oil and natural gas industries to match up the global demands.

Over past few years these industries have been the most technologically advance and developed. Oil field chemical providers have played crucial role in grooming these industries.

HSE Information:

There are many Manufacturers of Oil Well Drilling Chemicals across India those manufacturers drilling chemicals in compliance with environmental, safety and health regulations. They fall in category of salt water drilling fluids. They are intended for drilling salt formation .They inhibits formation of hydrates in drilling equipments. Because of their characteristic high density they are widely used for drilling purpose. They can be used as single salt or combinations of multiple salts in order to achieve desired density. Thus understanding chemical properties of these fluids is very important for successful drilling of oil and natural gas in cost effective way.

Zinc bromide & Calcium Bromide Mixtures Function:

The widely used combinations of salts are Zinc bromide and calcium bromide mixtures, calcium bromide and calcium chloride mixtures, sodium chloride and sodium bromides mixtures. Factors affecting selection of such fluids is its cost, performance for which it is intended to function and effect on environment.

Liquid drilling fluids is also known as drilling mud. They are of following catogries:

1) Water based (may be fresh water or salt water)
2) Non-aqueous or oil based
3) Gaseous type (wide ranges of gases are used in it)
4) Synthetic type

Applications and Uses :

Main applications of these fluids are to provide hydrostatic pressure, Prevent corrosions causing major losses of drillind pipes. Maintains well-bore stability and minimises reservoir damage. It acts as coolant by keeping drilling bit cool while drilling. Acts as lubricant while suspending and taking out drilling assembly. It keeps drilling cuts intact as such and preventing wells from getting shut. They can be used depending upon their area of function. They can be used either individually or in combinations to achieve desired densities. They can also be used to clean cuttings from bore wells.

Such wide range of applications of these fluids has brought manufacturers of oil well drilling chemicals in demand not only in India but across world. It has brought phenomonous changes for oil and natural gas industries. CSCPL is dominant manufacturer Various Types of Drilling Fluids such as calcium bromide (CaBr2), sodium bromide (NaBr) and Zinc bromide (ZnBr).

Advance strategies - Bulk Drug Intermediates for Pharma Industries

Specialty chemicals global sector:

Specialty chemicals and pharmaceutical chemicals, over the decades have gained a lot of popularity in India. Specialty chemicals industry is a very wide and complex segment. It includes variety of products like agrichemicals, elastomers, adhesives, lubricants, oil field chemicals, etc. Worldwide, the specialty chemicals industry has grown into an array of SME’s with their own niche products. The specialty chemicals market has played a significant part in the global chemical sector. The global demand for specialty chemicals is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.42% from 2015 to 2020.

Various Applications:

Specialty chemicals in Gujarat provide unique materials with unique properties that produce high value custom end products. They have various applications. Specialty chemicals are the chemicals which are used to boast the performance of other chemicals that can be apply in many potential experiments in the chemical industry. One of the most important applications of specialty chemicals is to speed up the manufacturing process of various chemical experiments. They help to get deliverables with less experimental costs and efforts. Some of the specialty chemicals act like value-adders that add value to other chemicals to perform more in less time.

Specialty chemicals Market Range:

North America, Western European, and Japanese firms were always amongst the market leaders in specialty chemicals industry. However, over the last few decades the Asia-Pacific region, especially India and China have globally stated their dominance in the specialty chemicals industry. In India, the speciality chemicals in Gujarat have gained a lot of dominance in this sector and have been providing their end products.

Types of Bulk Drug Intermediates:

Pharmaceutical Chemicals form the most important branch of specialty chemicals. The Pharmaceutical industry in India is the world's third-largest in terms of volume and 10th largest in value terms. . India's drugs and pharmaceuticals industry is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14 per cent to reach a turnover of $ 47.06 billion by 2018. Indian pharmaceutical industry is gaining rapid popularity owing to the rise in the bulk drug intermediates manufacturers. In India, Gujarat is considered to be the rising hub in the production of pharmaceutical intermediates and bulk drug intermediates. Last ten decades have seen an immense growth in SME niche pharmaceutical intermediates producing companies. Various pharma intermediates like Hexamethyl Disiloxane (HMDSO), Trimethyl Chlorosilane (TMCS), Hexamethyl Disilazane (HMDS / HMDZ) Chloromethyl Isopropyl Carbonate (CMIC) are produced and exported worldwide by these small scale manufacturers in Gujarat.

Applications of Pharmaceutical Intermediates like as lubricants, as adhesion promoter for photoresists, in alkylation agents, in creation of sedatives, medicines, in manufacturing of anhydrous solutions of HCL in alcohols, deactivator for chromatographic support materials, silylating agent in pharmaceuticals, etc.

With all the end products possessing these properties have been exported on a large scale from Gujarat, it is recognized as the upcoming hub in the field of specialty chemicals and bulk pharma intermediates.

Reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane with silica / water

Reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane with silica:

Researchers have been made to study the reaction of Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) with OH groups with silica that can be examined by infrared spectroscopy method. This reaction frees the OH groups and results in kinetics. The reaction produces mainly hexamethydisiloxane (HMDSO) and ammonia with a small quantity of nitrogen and methane. When temperature is maintained lower than 300°C no methane is produced. Moreover, ammonia is the first product produced and subsequently HMDSO is produced. As the temperature increases, the amount of nitrogen produces increases and that of ammonia and HMDSO decreases. Reaction of pendant silyl groups with surface acidic hydroxyls to eliminate methane and the concentration of residual silyl moieties on the silica surface both increase with temperature of reaction.

HMDS is used for deactivating materials that support in gas chromatography by many Hexamethyldisilazane Makers. Kinetic studies have been made to get comprehension about the reaction of HMDS with silica and the optimum conditions in which the reactions take place the best.

Study of HMDS:

Four important chemical properties have been deduced from such studies- 1) The freely vibrating hydroxyl groups can occur in either in Si-OH or [Si-(OH)2] configurations, 2) The freely vibrating hydroxyl groups are monoenergetic (i.e. all the OH groups show the same reactivity), 3) Due to the monoenergetic nature of the OH groups, physical absorption results in same fraction of the hydroxyl group being covered for a given pressure and temperature, and 4) The mutually H-bonded OH groups on the surface are essentially nonreactive towards the various bonding agents.

Another such study outlines the kinetics for the reaction of HMDS with silica which is mainly a two-steps process. The first step is a rate determining step that produces trimethylsilylation on the surface of silanol and forms trimethylaminosilane. The second step is where a trimethylaminosilane reactive intermediate reacts to form a trimethylsilyl surface chemical and ammonia. This two step process was mainly applied to analyze the data of the kinetics of HMDS reaction with smoked silica in the field of spectroscopy.

Absorbs Techniques:

Hexamethyldisilazane reacts with many substrate surfaces to enhance their adhesive power. When HMDS reacts with the substrate, it absorbs the excess water in them, reduced surface energy and increases the photoresist adhesion on the surface. The silizane components bond with the oxygen-atoms of the substrates and the methyls offer hydrophobic layers that have good wetting and adhesive characteristics. This dehydration reaction of HMDS on wafers (semiconductor slices) is carried out using two techniques: Liquid Priming and Vapor Priming. It is commonly know that HMDS is very sensitive to the presence of water and degrades in humid air. Studies have been made to understand the reaction of HMDS in dry and humid air in the presence of absorbent surfaces. Studies show that HMDS hydrolyzes in humid air and produces trimethylsilanol (TMS) and ammonia (NH3). Chemcon Speciality Chemicals.Pvt.Ltd is suppliers and Manufacturers of of Speciality Chemicals.